Final Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 10

Final - Essay Example Fats are digested in the small intestine. An enzyme known as lipase breaks down fat into fatty acids and glycerol. Peptidases complete the digestion of proteins by turning polypeptides into amino acids. Although they are active in the small intestine,most enzymes are produced by the pancreas. The pancreas produces the amalyze, trypsin and lipase. The gastric glands produce pepsin.The wall of the small intestine produces maltase, sucrose and peptides. The thick and muscular stomach wall contains nearly 35 million gastric glands (Roberts and Ingram, 2001). The gastric glands produce a fluid known as gastric juice, which contains pepsin. The amalyse in the mouth cavity is produced by gastric glands while that found in the small intestine is produced by the pancreas. Pepsin works best in acidic conditions. The gastric juice contains hydrochloric acid, an enzyme that works best in the stomach. Trypsin is active in the small intestine. Enzyme amalayse is active in the mouth cavity and the small intestine. Peptidases and lipase are active in the small intestine. A chromosome is a long, continuous strand of DNA that contains RNA and a number of different associated proteins. The four types alterations to a chromosome structure are inversion, deletion, duplication, and translocation. Deletion is the loss of a nucleotide from a gene by mutation.It is the loss of a fragment of a chromosome. An example of deletion of chromosomes is the Cri du Chat which is caused by a missing part in the #5 chromosome. Duplication is the repetition of a part of a chromosome as a result of fusion of a fragment of a homologous chromosome. It is a result of an error in meiosis or mutagens. An example of duplication is the Pallister an syndrome part of the #12 chromosome is duplicated. Inversion is a change in chromosome as a result of a reattachment of a fragment chromosome to the original